| Present | Past | Future | Future-in-the-past |
| SIMPLE |
I/you/we/they work
He/she/it works
I/you/we/they don’t work
He/she/it doesn’t work
Do I/you/we/they work?
Does he/she/it work?
1.Регулярное действие в настоящем.
Наречия: often, seldom, sometimes, every day, never, always.
I often paint.
2. Будущее действие по расписанию
Shakira comes to the city on Sunday at 5. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it worked
I/you/we/they/he/she/it didn’t work
Did I/you/we/they/he/she/it work?
1. Регулярное действие в прошлом
All summer I got up at 7.
2. Факт в прошлом
We didn’t do the shopping yesterday.
Наречия: yesterday, last week, some days ago, in 2000 | I/you/we/they/he/she/it will work
I/you/we/they/he/she/it will not (won’t) work
1. Регулярное действие в будущем
He will often come to us.
2. Факт в будущем
It will be cold at night.
3. Решение, принятое в момент речи
-Did you tell him?
-I forgot but I’ll tell tomorrow
4. Обещание или предложение
I’ll post letters for you
5. Предсказание (I hope…, I think)
Наречия: tomorrow, next week
I think the weather will be good.
| Все времена группы Future-in-the-past используются в придаточных дополнительных (когда от главного задается вопрос что?), если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени.
I/you/we/they/he/she/it would work
He said he would ring me up. |
| Present | Past | Future | Future-in-the-past |
| CONTINUOUS |
I am working.
He/she/it is working. You/we/they are working.
I am not working.
He/she/it is not working.
You/we/they are not working.
Am I working?
Is he/she/it working?
Are you/we/they working?
1. Длительное действие в данный момент в настоящем.
Наречия: now, at the moment
She’s dancing now.
2. Характеристика человека в настоящем (обяз-ны слова always, constantly), часто негативная
She is always pitying everybody.
3. Личные планы на будущее
I’m dining after work today. | I/he/she/it was working.
You/we/they were working.
I/he/she/it was not working.
You/we/they were not working.
Was I/he/she/it working?
Were you/we/they working?
1. Длительное действие в определенный момент или период в прошлом
Наречия: at 5 o’clock, when I came, from 5 to 6
She was reading at 5.
2. Характеристика человека в прошлом (обяз-ны слова constantly, always)
He was always losing his things. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it will be working.
I/you/we/they/he/she/it will not be working.
Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it be working?
Длительное действие в определенный момент или период в будущем.
Наречия: at 5 o’clock, when I come, from 5 to 6
She will be reading at 5 tomorrow. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it would be working
He said he would be reading a book at 5 tomorrow.
|
| Present | Past | Future | Future-in-the-past |
| PERFECT |
I/you/we/they have worked
He/she/it has worked
I/you/we/they have not worked
He/she/it has not worked
Have I/you/we/they worked?
Has he/she/it worked?
1. Действие, совершенное в прошлом и имеющее результат в настоящем. Не должно быть точного указания на время. Переводится соверш. видом.
Наречия: ever, never, not yet, already, just, recently, lately.
I have already solved this issue.
2. Действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся в данный момент или закончившееся прямо до момента речи. Используется с глаголами, не употребляющимися в Continious (глаголы чувственного восприятия, умственной деятельности be, see…), и вместо Present Perfect Contin, чтобы подчеркнуть факт, а не длительность.
Предлоги: since, for.
We haven’t written letters for a month
He has ridden a bike since his childhood. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it had worked
I/you/we/they/he/she/it had not worked
Had I/you/we/they/he/she/it worked?
1. Действие, совершенное в прошлом к какому-то моменту в прошлом или до какого-то другого действия в прошлом.
Предлог: by или придаточное (when you came)
I had written a letter by 5.
2. Действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся в какой-то момент в прошлом или закончившееся прямо до какого-то момента в прошлом. Используется с глаголами, не употребл. в Continious, и вместо Past Perfect Continious, чтобы подчеркнуть факт, а не длительность.
Предлоги: since, for.
I had written a letter for two hours when he came. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it will have worked
I/you/we/they/he/she/it will not have worked
Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it have worked?
1. Действие, которое завершится до определенного момента в будущем.
Предлог: by или придаточное (when you come)
I will have written a letter by 5
2. Длительное действие, которое начнется до определенного момента в будущем и длится прямо до него или все еще продолжается в этот момент. Используется с глаголами, не употребл. в Continious, и вместо Future Perfect Continious, чтобы подчеркнуть факт, а не длительность.
Предлоги: since, for
She will have been here for a month tomorrow. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it would have worked
He said he would have read a book by 5 tomorrow. |
| Present | Past | Future | Future-in-the-past |
PERFECT CONTINUOUS
|
I/you/we/they have been working
He/she/it has been working
I/you/we/they have not been working
He/she/it has not been working
Have I/you/we/they been working?
Has he/she/it been working?
Действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся в данный момент или закончившееся прямо до момента речи. Сейчас в том же значении более употребимо Present Perfect Tense.
Предлоги: since, for.
We haven’t been writing letters for a month
He has been riding a bike since his childhood. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it had been working
I/you/we/they/he/she/it had not been working
Had I/you/we/they/he/she/it been working?
Действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся в какой-то момент в прошлом или закончившееся прямо до какого-то момента в прошлом. Сейчас в том же значении более употребимо Past Perfect Tense.
Предлоги: since, for.
I had been writing a letter for two hours when he came. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it will have been working
I/you/we/they/he/she/it will not have been working
Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it have been working?
Длительное действие, которое начинается до определенного момента в будущем и длится прямо до него или все еще продолжается в этот момент. Используется очень редко.
Предлоги: since, for.
She will have been here for a month tomorrow. | I/you/we/they/he/she/it would have been working
He said he would have been reading a book for 2 hours by 5 tomorrow. |
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